New research at Karlstad University shows that "boyish" play behavior at the age of 7 can be linked to both behavioral problems and autistic traits.
In a study that includes 718 children, researchers from Karlstad University and Uppsala University have identified clear connections between gender-role-related play and the development of behavioral challenges. The results showed that children who played more with toys traditionally considered to be for boys had more autistic traits and behavioral problems.
– Our results show that children with boyish play behaviors more often have behavioral problems, both boys and girls. It is also interesting to see that girls with boyish play behavior more often exhibit autistic traits, while the picture for boys is more complex, says Marlene Stratmann, PhD student in public health science.
This study is unique because it examines these connections in a general population group, which has previously mostly been done in clinical contexts. The study is part of the Swedish SELMA study that follows children from early pregnancy into their teenage years.
– It is important to emphasize that just because a child plays in a certain way, it does not mean that they will develop behavioral problems or autistic traits. But our results underline the importance of following children's development over time, adds Marlene Stratmann.
The study also highlights the importance of broad population studies like SELMA, where data is collected over a long period of time to understand how various factors affect children's development.
– We have followed these children since they were in their mother's womb and now plan a 15-year follow-up to further deepen our understanding of these connections, says Carl-Gustaf Bornehag, professor of public health science and project leader for the SELMA study.
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